IHL does not apply to all uses of inter-State confrontation nor to the employment of all forms of violence such as during riots or during isolated acts (see Additional Protocol II article 1(2)). This permits the lawful killing of some persons and destruction of certain property, whilst requiring the protection of others. Nevertheless, humanity was clearly a source of normative constraints on the waging of war.The correct categorization of whether or not an armed conflict exists is important since this will determine whether or not IHL applies. The principle of humanity has not always played the definitive role in moderating belligerent conduct. By the nineteenth century, legal practice had established the prohibition against indiscriminate warfare as a customary rule. The utmost protection of the civilian population is also an old concept. It is characterized by an intricate mixture of very definite prohibitions on certain specific categories of arms, on one hand, and a rather abstract prohibition on means of warfare which cause unnecessary suffering, on the other. The prohibition against maux superflus-that is, against weapons and materials causing excessive suffering-is an old principle. the prohibition of unnecessary suffering the prohibition of indiscriminate warfare and the principle of humanity-in their application and interaction. This chapter explains the general principles of international humanitarian law-i.e. Subject(s): Armed conflict - Belligerents - Weapons - Ius in bello Middle Eastern Organizations/Institutions.International Organizations/Institutions.Use of force, war, peace and neutrality.Statehood, jurisdiction of states, organs of states.Sources, foundations and principles of international law.Relationship between international and domestic law.International law and international relations. International instruments and materials.
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